
Over May long weekend I attended the annual USCC Union of Youth Festival– more casually known as “Doukhobor Festival”– in Castlegar. This was my fifth year performing at Festival with the Vancouver Island Doukhobor Choir (VIDCA).
I have a hard time explaining Doukhobors to people. Although there are Doukhobors spread out over Canada, Russia and all over the world, Doukhobors in British Columbia are a particularly hard topic to tackle. Their history is tragic, spanning arson and bombings, the internment of children by the government, the assassination of their leader in a still-unsolved train explosion, the fear they felt of both government interference in their lives and of their own kin via the radical Sons of Freedom, and the discrimination experienced as a result. Their history is beautiful too. A tightly knit community, preaching love, brotherhood and pacifism, so determined to survive as immigrants in the brutal prairies of turn-of-the-century Canada that the women yoked themselves to the plow to work the fields, a people tied closely to agriculture and the land, that cherished life so much they were traditionally vegetarians, caring for friends and family through communal living.

I did not grow up involved in the Doukhobor community. At some point in my teenage years, it occurred to me that I had an amazing culture in my own family to explore and I became interested in Doukhobors. The essence of growing up a Doukhobor was particularly felt when I spent time with my Baba. She grew up in a communal village, and although she was not an active member of the community later in life, the mark it left on her was indelible. The food she made, the Russian she spoke, even her mannerisms, it was all Doukhobor. When I joined VIDCA in 2007, it was almost eerie seeing Baba’s mannerisms reflected in many of the choir members, as though we had all come from some giant disjointed family.
The choir did become a family, in a sense. In particular I became good friends with Stephanie and her mother, Virginia (or “Tyot” as we call her). Stenya and I were surprised to discover we had our own family connections– my grandparents worked for hers in Trail and our Babas, both named Polly, were friends, just like us. We even ended up being related, albeit through marriage.
Bread, salt and water represents the basic staff of life, as well as being a traditional peace offering amongst the Slavic people.
Singing brought us together. Doukhobors have an incredibly vast catalog of original music, usually sung at communal gatherings, in church, at weddings, funerals and whenever the deadly trifecta of liquor, a guitar and campfire come together. I can’t proclaim myself any kind of expert on Doukhobor music, but generally songs are sung a Capella, performed without direction or conducting and with unusual harmonies (often compared to medieval singing or monk chanting). Instruments are popular in the more traditional folk songs from Russia.
Doukhobor music connects my love of singing and the presence of my Baba. I miss her a lot and this music brings to me a little part of her that I never could have known. A young woman, wearing a platok, living in a village on the banks of the Columbia River, working hard even when she’s very young. It’s not strange to imagine meeting your grandparents when they were your age — I mean, look at the Back to the Future series — and singing those songs ties that part of her young life to mine.

For more information on Doukhobors, here are some resources:
Doukhobors on Wikipedia (has a good general history)
Online Exhibits at the Doukhobor Village Museum
Vancouver Island Doukhobor Choir
Doukhobor Music Site (I love the crazy warbling of some of those old Babushkas)
Iskra (Annual Doukhobor publication)
Union of Spiritual Communities of Christ (the “official organization of Canadian Orthodox Doukhobors”)
Koozma Tarasoff has written extensively on the Doukhobors. Doukhobor Daze by Hazel O’Neil and Terror in the Name of God: The Story of the Sons of Freedom by Simma Holt represent critical views of the Doukhobors in the 1920s to 1960s. My favourite fiction about Doukhobors is the lovely and touching Head Cook at Weddings and Funerals by Vi Plotnikoff — I feel like I learned more about Doukhobors in this book than anything else. Svoboda by Bill Stenson is some more recent fiction as well.